Which of the following factors can hinder the effectiveness of a work plan?

A lack of team involvement in planning can significantly hinder the effectiveness of a work plan because teamwork fosters a sense of ownership and commitment among team members. When individuals participate in the planning process, they are more likely to feel invested in the goals and objectives of the project. Their diverse insights and perspectives can also lead to a more thorough and practical plan, as they may produce innovative ideas and solutions that a few planners might overlook. Furthermore, team involvement can improve communication and increase accountability, making it easier to identify potential issues early on and adjust the plan as needed. Without this collaborative effort, the plan may become disconnected from the team's capabilities and realities, leading to confusion, resistance, or a lack of engagement when the plan is implemented.