What is meant by the term "Substitution" in safety contexts?

Substitution in safety contexts refers to the practice of replacing a hazardous condition or material with a safer alternative to eliminate or significantly reduce risk. This approach is a fundamental principle of hazard mitigation, as it aims to remove the danger rather than merely addressing its symptoms or consequences. By choosing a safer alternative, the risk the original hazard posed is effectively avoided, allowing for a safer environment without the need for additional controls.

In safety protocols, this term emphasizes taking proactive steps to eliminate the problem at its source rather than applying protective measures after the fact. Thus, it is about preventive action that prioritizes hazard elimination as opposed to reliance on measures that manage risks once they exist, such as personal protective equipment or procedural modifications.